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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">prmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Первичная медико-санитарная помощь</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Primary Health Care (Russian Federation)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-4123</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4565</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD "Silicea-Poligraf"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/3034-4123-2026-142</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">SNFRBX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">prmed-142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Школа для пациентов, находящихся на хроническом гемодиализе. Методические рекомендации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"School" for patients receiving chronic hemodialysis therapy. Guidelines</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна (Oksana M. Drapkina) — д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, директор; главный внештатный специалист по терапии и общей врачебной практике Минздрава России; зав. кафедрой терапии и профилактической медицины</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990;</p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990;</p><p>Dolgorukovskaya str., 4, Moscow, 127006</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2111-191X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилов</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilov</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилов Евгений Михайлович (Evgeny M. Shilov) — д.м.н., профессор; профессор кафедры терапии, профессиональных заболеваний и ревматологии</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119991 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Trubetskaya str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1358-110X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камкин</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamkin</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камкин Евгений Геннадьевич (Evgeny G. Kamkin) — к.м.н., зам. Министра здравоохранения Российской Федерации</p><p>Рахмановский пер., 3, стр.1, Москва, 127994</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rakhmanovsky per., 3, bld. 1, Moscow, 127994</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5222-1620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каракулина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karakulina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каракулина Екатерина Валерьевна (Ekaterina V. Karakulina) — к.м.н., директор Департамента организации медицинской помощи и санаторно-курортного дела</p><p>Рахмановский пер., 3, стр.1, Москва, 127994</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rakhmanovsky per., 3, bld. 1, Moscow, 127994</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-4483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилова Марина Магомедовна (Marina M. Shilova) — к.м.н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней ИМД</p><p>Островитянова ул., д. 1, Москва, 117513</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ostrovitianova str., 1, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8984-9056</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шепель</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shepel</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шепель Руслан Николаевич (Ruslan N. Shepel) — к.м.н., доцент, зам. директора по перспективному развитию медицинской деятельности</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990;</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1941-3860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крякова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryakova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крякова Мария Юрьевна (Maria Yu. Kryakova) — к.м.н., врач-методист отдела мониторинга качества медицинской помощи Центра организационно-методического управления и анализа качества оказания медицинской помощи в регионах, с.н.с. отдела научно-стратегического развития первичной медико-санитарной помощи</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990;</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mkryakova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4529-3308</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроздова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drozdova</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дроздова Любовь Юрьевна (Liubov Yu. Drozdova) — к.м.н., доцент, руководитель отдела стратегического планирования и внедрения профилактических технологий</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990;</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2458-3629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калинина Анна Михайловна (Anna M. Kalinina) — д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный деятель науки Российской Федерации, г.н.с., руководитель отдела первичной профилактики хронических неинфекционных заболеваний в системе здравоохранения</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990;</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0753-967X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артемов Дмитрий Владимирович (Dmitry V. Artemov) — к.м.н., врач-нефролог, доцент кафедры трансплантологии, нефрологии и искусственных органов</p><p>ул. Щепкина, д.61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины" Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО "Российский университет медицины" Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО "Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова" Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н. И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины" Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО "Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. Владимирского"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>2S</issue><issue-title>Рекомендации по диспансерному наблюдению</issue-title><fpage>374</fpage><lpage>386</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Драпкина О.М., Шилов Е.М., Камкин Е.Г., Каракулина Е.В., Шилова М.М., Шепель Р.Н., Крякова М.Ю., Дроздова Л.Ю., Калинина А.М., Артемов Д.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Драпкина О.М., Шилов Е.М., Камкин Е.Г., Каракулина Е.В., Шилова М.М., Шепель Р.Н., Крякова М.Ю., Дроздова Л.Ю., Калинина А.М., Артемов Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Drapkina O.M., Shilov E.M., Kamkin E.G., Karakulina E.V., Shilova M.M., Shepel R.N., Kryakova M.Y., Drozdova L.Y., Kalinina A.M., Artemov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://prmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/142">https://prmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/142</self-uri><abstract><p>Хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП) развивается в результате постепенного и необратимого снижения функции почек, вызванного различными факторами. У пациентов с терминальной стадией почечной недостаточности проводится длительная или пожизненная заместительная почечная терапия — хронический гемодиализ (ХГД). Пациенты на ХГД подвержены высоким рискам, основными из которых являются сердечно-сосудистые осложнения, инсульты, инфекции, связанные с сосудистым доступом (фистулой) или перитонеальным катетером, а также анемия, нарушения минерального обмена и интрадиализные гипотензии.</p><p>Обучение пациентов, находящихся на ХГД, в школах для пациентов играет важную роль в улучшении качества жизни и снижения риска осложнений, связанных как с самим процессом гемодиализа, так и с терминальной стадией ХБП.</p><p>Методические рекомендации по организации и проведению школы для пациентов, находящихся на ХГД, содержат общую информацию о заболевании, об организации и проведении школ для пациентов, рекомендуемые темы и содержание занятий, тесты для оценки знаний пациентов.</p><p>Методические рекомендации предназначены для специалистов, соответствующих квалификационным требованиям к медицинским и фармацевтическим работникам со средним профессиональным образованием по специальностям "Лечебное дело" или "Сестринское дело", и врачей-специалистов, оказывающих первичную медико-санитарную помощь, участвующих в проведении школ для пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops as a result of a gradual and irreversible decline in kidney function caused by various factors. Patients with end-stage renal failure undergo long-term or lifelong renal replacement therapy — chronic hemodialysis. Patients on chronic hemodialysis are at high risk, the main ones being cardiovascular events, strokes, infections associated with vascular access (fistula) or peritoneal catheters, as well as anemia, mineral metabolism disorders, and intradialytic hypotension.</p><p>Educating patients on chronic hemodialysis through patient "schools" plays an important role in improving their quality of life and reducing the risk of complications associated with both the hemodialysis process itself and end-stage CKD. The guidelines for managing "school" for patients on chronic hemodialysis contain general information about the disease, organize and conduction of patient "schools", recommended topics and lesson content, and tests for assessing patient knowledge.</p><p>The guidelines are intended for specialists who meet the qualification requirements for medical and pharmaceutical workers with secondary vocational education in General Medicine or Nursing, as well as for primary care physicians involved in conducting patient "schools".</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>школа для пациентов</kwd><kwd>методические рекомендации</kwd><kwd>обучение пациентов</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>первичная медико-санитарная помощь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>patient "school"</kwd><kwd>guidelines</kwd><kwd>patient education</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>primary health care</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korevaar JC, Feith GW, Dekker FW, et al. 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