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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">prmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Первичная медико-санитарная помощь</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Primary Health Care (Russian Federation)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-4123</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4565</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD "Silicea-Poligraf"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/3034-4123-2025-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ERTWBH</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">prmed-54</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАЗВИТИЕ МЕТОДОВ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DEVELOPMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT METHODS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея. Практические вопросы диагностики и лечения у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Practical issues of diagnosis and treatment in elderly and senile patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9600-3131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серкова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serkova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serkova.margarita@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-2021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6011-0998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авалуева</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avalueva</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухомлинова</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhomlinova</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боброва</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Войнова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voinova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калантарова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalantarova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сташук</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stashuk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярошева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarosheva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroleva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанушкин</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanushkin</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Серкова М.Ю., Бакулин И.Г., Авалуева Е.Б., Сухомлинова И.М., Боброва М.М., Войнова Е.С., Иванова Е.Ю., Калантарова Е.С., Сташук А.А., Ярошева В.А., Королева А.С., Степанушкин П.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Серкова М.Ю., Бакулин И.Г., Авалуева Е.Б., Сухомлинова И.М., Боброва М.М., Войнова Е.С., Иванова Е.Ю., Калантарова Е.С., Сташук А.А., Ярошева В.А., Королева А.С., Степанушкин П.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serkova M.Y., Bakulin I.G., Avalueva E.B., Sukhomlinova I.M., Bobrova M.M., Voinova E.S., Ivanova E.Y., Kalantarova E.S., Stashuk A.A., Yarosheva V.A., Koroleva A.S., Stepanushkin P.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://prmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/54">https://prmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/54</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Оценка эффективности метабиотического комплекса Бактимунал® (активные метаболиты Bacillus subtilis) в схемах лечения антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи (ААД) у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста.Материал и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 42 пациента многопрофильного стационара в возрасте от 65 до 90 лет с диагнозом ААД. Пациенты основной группы (n=27) получали метабиотический комплекс Бактимунал® по 1 капсуле 2 раза/сут. в течение 28 дней в дополнение к схемам лечения ААД; пациенты контрольной группы (n=15) не получали метабиотическую поддержку на фоне терапии ААД. У всех пациентов основной и контрольной групп в начале исследования и через 28 дней оценивали клиническое состояние, выраженность гастроинтестинальных симптомов, частота и консистенция стула, данные лабораторных исследований, проводили оценку состояния микробиоценоза толстого кишечника методом "Колонофлор-16".Результаты. В клинической картине ААД у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста превалировал диарейный синдром с учащением стула до 4-6 раз в сутки с отсутствием гематохезии. Наличие токсинов А и В C. difficile выявлено у 44,4% пациентов. По результатам исследования методом "Колонофлор-16" выявлено снижение общего бактериального числа, преимущественно за счет Bifidobacterium spp. (100%) и Lactobacillus spp. (77,7%). По результатам повторного исследования на фоне приема метабиотического комплекса Бактимунал® отмечена положительная динамика в виде уменьшения количества дефекаций и тенденции к нормализации консистенции стула, увеличение Lactobacillus spp. (у 40%), тенденция к увеличению количества Bifidobacterium spp. (50,2%), по сравнению с контрольной группой.Заключение. Назначение метабиотического комплекса Бактимунал® по 1 капсуле 2 раза/сут. в течение 28 дней продемонстрировало положительные результаты в виде увеличения представителей облигатной микрофлоры, уменьшения количества дефекаций и тенденции к нормализации консистенции стула.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of the Bactimunal® metabiotic complex (active metabolites of Bacillus subtilis) in the treatment regimens of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in elderly and senile patients.Material and methods. The study involved 42 patients from a multidisciplinary hospital aged 65 to 90 years with a diagnosis of AAD. Patients in the main group (n=27) received the Bactimunal® metabiotic complex 1 capsule 2 times a day for 28 days in addition to standard AAD therapy; patients in the control group (n=15) did not receive metabiotic support during AAD therapy. In all patients of the main and control groups, the clinical condition, severity of gastrointestinal symptoms, stool frequency and consistency, laboratory test data were assessed at the beginning of the study and after 28 days. Colonoflor-16 method was used to assess the colon microbiocenosis.Results. The clinical performance of AAD in elderly and senile patients was dominated by diarrheal syndrome with increased stool frequency up to 4-6 times a day without hematochezia. C. difficile toxins A and B were detected in 44,4% of patients. According to the Colonoflor-16 test, a decrease in the total bacterial count was revealed, mainly due to Bifidobacterium spp. (100%) and Lactobacillus spp. (77,7%). With Bactimunal® metabiotic complex therapy, the repeated study revealed a decrease in the number of bowel movements and a tendency to normalize stool consistency, an increase in Lactobacillus spp. (in 40%), a tendency to increase in Bifidobacterium spp. (50,2%), compared with the control group.Conclusion. The administration of the Bactimunal® metabiotic complex 1 capsule 2 times a day for 28 days demonstrated an increase in obligate microbiota, a decrease in the number of bowel movements and a tendency to normalize stool consistency.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея</kwd><kwd>псевдомембранозный колит</kwd><kwd>Clostridiоides difficile</kwd><kwd>Колонофлор-16</kwd><kwd>Bacillus subtilis</kwd><kwd>Бактимунал®</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic-associated diarrhea</kwd><kwd>pseudomembranous colitis</kwd><kwd>Clostridioides difficile</kwd><kwd>Colonoflor-16</kwd><kwd>Bacillus subtilis</kwd><kwd>Bactimunal®</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Коллективность авторов выражает благодарность ООО "Крафт Групп" за предоставление БАД Бактимунал®.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Успенский Ю.П., Фоминых Ю.А. 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